栽培密度对防风抽薹、产量和有效成分的影响

文章通过对不同栽培密度条件下防风的抽薹情况、产量及有效成分色原酮含量的变化进行研究,确定防风的最佳栽培密度。结果表明,栽培密度为株行距7 cm×30 cm时,抽薹率较低,为10%左右,折干率和小区总产量较高,根中的四种主要有效成分的含量均显著高于其他栽培处理,是较为适宜的种植密度。     

云南省森林火险等级预报系统

通过对云南省多个地方1950年到1980年气象测报数据进行分析,建立了适合云南省长期火险预报方法,实现了云南省长期森林火险趋势定量分析。对2006年云南省十六个地州市雨季气象资料进行计算,得到云南省各地州2007年森林长期火险等级,为防火工作提供科学依据。     

土石坝压煤开采对水库安全运行的影响

以某水库土石坝下的压煤开采工程为背景,结合其他矿区压煤开采的实测结果,应用概率积分法的数学模型进行了开采沉陷变形预计,研究了土石坝由于地下开采而引起的变形和破坏特征以及对土石坝的安全产生的影响。通过数值模拟以及水文计算的结果分析,开采沉陷变形对水库的防洪安全产生了很大的影响。     

741杨耐旱性的研究

用盆栽法研究了土壤相对含水量对７４１杨嫩枝扦插苗水分代谢和生长的影响。在中等供水（土壤相对含水量为６５％）条件下，７４１杨缺乏降低蒸腾、调节自然状态下的水势和降低ψ°π值等功能，因而较严重地抑制了生长和生物量积累。在低供水（土壤相对含水量为３５％）条件下，７４１杨表现出降低蒸腾、增加角质层厚度、降低自然状态下的水势和ψ°π值等调节功能，从而在一定程度上缓解了水分胁迫的抑制作用。７４１杨生长的最适土壤相对含水量为７２％～９５％，但在２５％～３５％的低供水条件下仍能生长。     

Fish assemblages as influenced by environmental factors in streams in protected areas of the Czech Republic

Abstract –  Three streams of comparable size located in different landscape-protected areas were selected for studying the effect of environmental factors on fish assemblages using indirect (detrended correspondence analysis, DCA) and direct (canonical correspondence analysis, CCA) gradient analysis. DCA of species showed well a gradient of assemblage changes in the longitudinal profile. DCA of sites stressed the variability between the fish assemblages of the three streams. This pattern was then confirmed by the highly significant between-stream CCA. In the within-site CCA, environmental factors explained 50.7% variability for presence–absence data and 58.3% for the relative abundance data. The analysis revealed that number of ponds and land use are the most influential factors of the strongest environmental gradient. However, in the partial CCAs, factor substratum type explained the largest proportion of the variability affecting fish in their habitat choice. Generally, presence–absence and relative abundance data of fish gave similar results in both DCA and CCA analyses; the same environmental factors proved to be important in both data type analyses. The environmental factors explain more variability than the regional (between-stream) one. The total proportion of variability explained by the presence–absence data analysis was 71.9% and in the relative abundance analysis even 80.8%. The environmental factors measured during the field survey explain 2.1- and 3.4-times more assemblages' variability than factors measured from a hydrological map.     

An Improved Non-destructive Method for Rapid Estimation of Leaf Area in Sunflower Genotypes

Measurement of total leaf area per plant in crop improvement programmes for a variety of purposes is often very tedious and time consuming. In this paper, we offer a rapid and non-destructive method of estimating the total leaf area in sunflower at the time of anthesis. We show that multiplying the leaf area of a specific leaf position from the apex by the total number of leaves per plant yields total leaf area with more than 95 % accuracy. The specific leaf position for any given genotype in sunflower can be arrived at by multiplying the total number of leaves per plant by the factor 0.355 and rounding off to the nearest highest integer. This technique can be used for the rapid estimation of leaf area per plant at anthesis for any given genotype of sunflower.     

14CO2 Assimilation and Translocation of 14C-Photosynthates by Different Parts of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

The role of leaves, stem and reproductive parts in ¹⁴CO₂ fixation and subsequent photosynthate translocation was studied in Indian mustard ( Brassica juncea L.) at three growth stages. The data indicated that leaves, stem and pods are important sources of photosynthates for seed filling. At bud emergence stage leaves are the principle site of ¹⁴CO₂, fixation. The contribution of leaves declines at subsequent stages, where as the contribution of pod walls increased from bud emergence stage to ripening stage. The contribution of the stem remains more or less constant at all three growth stages studied. Although stem can fix ¹⁴CO², at bud emergence and flowering stages it imported ¹⁴C-photosynthates from leaves. However, stem exported photosynthates during subsequent growth stages.     

谈如何加强公路工程试验检测工作

如今在黑龙江省高速公路已经覆盖全省全部主要地市区,如何在保证合理使用资金的情况下完成好建设任务,做出合格精品工程已成为交通行业的共识;而质量合格与否的唯一标准就是检测,各级部门已经逐渐重视试验检测工作;本文根据多年检测工作中的一些体会,着重探讨如何快速、真实、准确完成试验检测工作,如何提高试验检测工作的水平,为现代化高速公路发展保驾护航。     

The distributions of tuber sizes in droughted and irrigated crops of potato. II. Relation between size and weight of tubers and the variability of tuber-size distributions

Summary Tubers from six cultivars of potato grown in irrigated and droughted conditions were examined to show whether observed differences in grade distributions were simple consequences of differences in yield or were the results of changes in tuber shape or in the relative variability (Rv=σ/μ) of the distributions. Differences in tuber shape, indicated by the relations between tuber size (mm) and weight, were statistically significant but were insufficient to cause measurable changes in the grade distributions. There was a range of values of Rv but drought had no statistically significant effect on Rv and may only affect it by influencing the numbers of tubers set. The main effect of drought on the distribution of tuber sizes was through its effect on total yield and hence on mean tuber size. Yield and number of tubers define a unique tuber-size distribution regardless of the soil moisture stress experienced by the crop.